This project is designed to control the speed of a single phase induction motor by using cycloconvertor technique by traics. Induction motors in particular are very robust and therefore used in many domestic appliances such as washing machines, vacuum cleaners, water pumps, and used in industries as well. A.C. motors have the great advantages of being relatively inexpensive and very reliable. The induction motor is known as a constant-speed machine, the difficulty of varying its speed by a cost effective device is one of its main disadvantages. The speed of the motor can be varied in two ways, one is by changing the number of poles and the second method is by changing the frequency. The speed control through the first method is uneconomical and the number of poles can’t be varied under running conditions and the size of the machine also becomes bulky. These problems can be overcome by the second method. In this method, the frequency can be varied under running conditions also and there is no change in the size of the motor. In this method, the frequency changing device is cycloconverter. A cycloconverter is a power electronic device used to convert constant voltage constant frequency AC power to adjustable voltage adjustable frequency AC power without a DC link. In among all the methods this method is simple, reliable and economical. A pair of slide switches is provided to select the desired speed range (f, f/2, f/3, f/4 and f/5) of operation of the induction motor. These switches are interfaced to the microcontroller. The microcontroller used for this project is from PIC18 family (PIC18F4550). The status of the switches enables the microcontroller to deliver the pulses to trigger the traic in a dual bridge. Thus, the speed of the induction motor can be achieved in five steps i.e. (f, f/2, f/3, f/4 and f/5).
Cycloconverter, Induction Motor, Microcontroller, Supply Frequency
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